Analysis Of The Failure Of Organizations For Prohibited of Chemical Weapon (OPCW) As The Organization For Disarmament On The Conflict Of Syria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33172/jp.v4i1.253Abstract
This paper analyzes the failure of the Organization for Prohibited of Chemical Weapon (OPCW) in handling chemical weapon disarmament in Syria. The use of chemical weapons by the Syrian government against its own citizens poses a challenge for OPCW in its role to ban the use and development of chemical weapons worldwide. OPCW itself formed in 1997 is an implementation of Chemical Weapon Convention (CWC) in 1993. The main problem of this study is OPCW failure factors to ban the use and development of chemical weapons in Syrian conflict. The study results show that the chemical weapon disarmament efforts in Syria by the OPCW by sending and destroying government-owned chemical weapons has failed. Although OPCW has claimed Syria has been freed from chemical weapons, it is still encountered the use of chemical weapons by ISIS terrorist groups and unofficial opposition groups. In conclusion, the role of the OPCW according to the concept of disarmament and the international organization is still not fully successful. OPCW is only able to detect the use of chemical weapons committed by the Syrian government. This organization has no authority in overcoming the problem of the misused chemical weapons committed by non-state actors.
Keywords: Chemical weapons, Syrian conflict, OPCW, Disarmament.Â
Â
References
Amnesty.org, Syria 2015/2016, https://www.amnesty.org/en/countrie s/middle-east-and-northafrica/syria/report-syria
Witarti&Puspitasari/ Analysis Of The Failure Of OPCW… / 14-28
Archer, Clive, (2001), International Organization 3rd Edition, London: Rouletdge.
Armscontrol.org, Yuta Kawashima, (Mei 2015), Timeline of Syrian Chemical Weapons Activity 2012-2015, http://www.armscontrol.org/factsheet s/Timeline-of-Syrian-ChemicalWeapons-Activity
Atimes.com, Michael T. Clare, (18 Mei 2005), Energizing New Wars, http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Asian _Economy/GE18Dk01.html diakses pada 14 Mei 2016
Basu, Rumki, (2012), International Politics: Concepts, Theories, and Issues, New Delhi:SAGE Publication.
BBC.com, (6 Mei 2013), UN's Del Ponte says evidence Syria rebels 'used sarin’, http://www.bbc.com/news/worldmiddle-east-22424188
Borrie, John dan Randin, Vanessa Martin, (2005), Alternative Approaches in Multilateral Decision-Making Disarmament as Humanitarian Action, UN: UNIDIR.
Diab, M. Zuhair, (1997), "Syria's Chemical and Biological Weapons: Assessing Capabilities and Motivations," The Nonproliferation Review 5.
Iriye, Akira, (2002), Global Community: The Role of International Organization in the Making of the Contemporary World, London: University of California Press.
Mial,Hugh dkk, (1999), Contemporary Conflicts Resolution, Cambridge & Oxford: Polity Press.
Morgenthau, Hans J., (1965), Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace, 4th edition, New York:Alfred A. Knopf
Muradi, (2007), Konflik Kontemporer sebagai Pengganti Perang, Bandung:Universitas Pajajaran.
Newyorker.com, Raffi Khatchadourian, (16 Januari 2013), The Case of Agent 15: Did Syria Use a Nerve Agent? http://www.newyorker.com/news/ne ws-desk/the-case-of-agent-15-didsyria-use-a-nerve-agent
NobelPrize.org, Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons – Facts, https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_pri zes/peace/laureates/2013/opcwfacts.html
NPR.org, Tom Bowman, (9 Maret 2016), U.S. Hopes ISIS Prisoner Will Lead Americans To Chemical Weapons, http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwoway/2016/03/09/469842162/u-shopes-isis-prisoner-will-leadamericans-to-chemical-weapons
OPCW.org, (10 Desember 2013), Nobel Peace Prize 2013 received by OPCW Director-General: “Working Together for a World Free of Chemical Weapons, and Beyond†, https://www.opcw.org/news/article/n obel-peace-prize-2013-received-byopcw-director-general-workingtogether-for-a-world-free-of-ch/
OPCW.org, (6 November 2015), DirectorGeneral circulates OPCW FFM Reports to States Parties, https://www.opcw.org/news/article/di
Jurnal Pertahanan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2018)
rector-general-circulates-opcw-ffmreports-to-states-parties/
OPCW.UNMission.org, About OPCW-UN Joint Mission: Background, http://opcw.unmissions.org/AboutOP CWUNJointMission/Background.asp x
Perwita, DR. Anak Agung Banyu dan Yani, DR. Yanyan Mochammad, (2005), Pengantar Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya Offset.
Rudy, Teuku May, (2009), Administrasi dan Organisasi internasional, Bandung:Angkasa.
Sweijs, Tim dan Kooroshy, Jaakko, (2010), The Future of CBRN, Hague: The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies.
Szayna, Thomas See, (2000), Identifying Potential Ethnic Conflicts: Application of Process of Model, Washington: Rand Corporation.
Takur, Ramesh dan Haru, Ere, (2006), The Chemical Weapons Convention: Implementation, Challenges and Opportunities, Hongkong:United Nations University Press.
UN Human Rights Council, 23rd session, “Report of the Independent International Commission of Inquiry
on the Syrian Arab Republicâ€, advance unedited version, UN document A/HRC/23/58, tertanggal 4 Juni .
UN.org, (23 Juli 2012), Use of chemical weapons in Syria would be ‘reprehensible’ – UN chief, http://www.un.org/apps/news/story.as p?NewsID=42538#.V3LqFV4Ta9U
UNDDR.org, What is DDR? http://www.unddr.org/what-isddr/introduction_1.aspx
WHITEHOUSE.gov, Office of Press Secretary, (13 Juni 2013), Statement by Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategic Communications Ben Rhodes on Syrian Chemical Weapons Use, https://www.whitehouse.gov/thepress-office/2013/06/13/statementdeputy-national-security-advisorstrategic-communications-ben-
WHITEHOUSE.gov, Office of Press Secretary, (30 Agustus 2013), Government Assessment of the Syrian Government’s Use of Chemical Weapons on August 21, 2013, https://www.whitehouse.gov/thepress-office/2013/08/30/governmentassessment-syrian-government-s-usechemical-weapons-august-21
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Proposed Policy for Journals That Offer Open Access. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
The copyright of articles accepted for publication is assigned to the Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity and Indonesia Defense University (Universitas Pertahanan) as publishers of the journal. The intended copyright includes the rights to publish articles in various forms (including reprints).
Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi tentang Kajian dan Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism dan Integrity keep the rights to articles that have been published. Authors are permitted to disseminate published article by sharing the DOI Number or the link of our journal's website. Authors are allowed to use their works for any purposes deemed necessary without written permission from our journal and/or Indonesia Defense University (Universitas Pertahanan) with an acknowledgement of initial publication in this journal.
