WANITA DALAM STRATEGI PERANG: TINJAUAN EMANSIPASI DAN PERLINDUNGAN WANITA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v10i2.878Abstract
Baik dalam konflik dan perang maupun upaya perdamaian, wanita dianggap sebagai korban dari pelanggaran hak asasi manusia dan kelompok rentan. Dalam beberapa dekade terakhir, perlindungan terhadap hak wanita dan pemberdayaan wanita digaungkan dengan nama emansipasi. Hal ini menyebabkan kehadiran wanita dalam beberapa sektor penting, termasuk politik dan militer, sehingga wanita mempunyai peranan baru sebagai sumber daya dalam strategi perang. Dampaknya, kebijakan perlindungan wanita dalam perang dipertanyakan, khususnya berkaitan dengan posisi mereka sebagai kombatan. Analisis isu ini seharusnya menggunakan dua konsep (perlindungan wanita dan strategi perang) untuk memahami cara pandang militer terhadap posisi wanita dan satu teori (feminisme) untuk memahami cara pandang wanita terhadap peranannya dalam militer saat perang berlangsung. Dengan demikian, objek observasi ini adalah peranan wanita dalam strategi perang dikaitkan dengan pelaksanaan perlindungan hak wanita dan isu emansipasi. Dengan kata lain, ruang lingkup observasi ini adalah hak wanita dan strategi perang. Dalam observasi ini, data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode kajian literatur. Melalui observasi ini, kita dapat mempunyai pemahaman yang lebih luas tentang peranan wanita dalam strategi perang karena tujuan utamanya adalah melihat kemungkinan perubahan kebijakan terhadap perlindungan wanita dalam perang seiring dengan situasi terkini.
Kata Kunci : emansipasi, hak asasi manusia, strategi perang, perlindungan perempuan
References
Buku
Burchill, S., et al. (Ed.). 2005. Theories of
International Relations Third Edition.
New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kaufman, J.P. dan Williams, K.P. 2013.
Women at War, Women Building Peace:
Challenging Gender Norms. Boulder:
Kumarian Press
Pease, A. & B. 2001. Why Men Don’t Listen &
Women Can’t Read Maps. Queensland:
Pease International Pty, Ltd.
True, Jacqui. 2005. “Feminismâ€. Dalam
Scott Burchill, et al. (Ed.). Theories of
International Relations Third Edition.
New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Jurnal
Cardenas, M.L. 2019. “Women-to-women
Diplomacy in Georgia: Peacebuilding
Strategy in Frozen Conflictâ€. Civil Wars,
Vol. 21. No. 3.
Obradovic, L. 2015. “Comparative Analysis of Women’s Military Participation in
East Asiaâ€. Res Militaris, Ergomas, No.1.
September.
Shepherd, C.K. 2015. The Role of Women
in International Conflict Resolution.
Journal of Public Law & Policy. Vol. 36.
Isu 2. Artikel 1.
Tachou-Sipowo, A. 2010. “The Security Council on women in the war: between peacebuilding and humanitarian
protectionâ€. International Review of the Red Cross. Vol. 92/ No. 877.
Timur, F.B. 2016. “The Tales of the Three Asian
Countries: How Indonesia, India, and
the Philippines Recruited Women for
UN Peacekeeping Missions. Global. Vol.
No. 1.
Laporan
International Committee and the Red Cross. 2003. Women and War: Special Report. Maret.
Buletin
Austrian Development Cooperation. 2009. “Focus: Women, Gender and Armed
Forces. Vienna: Austrian Development
Cooperationâ€. October.
Tesis
Martinez, K.M. 2017. Women’s Work:
Incorporating Females into the United States Military Strategy to Contain and
Degrade Boko Haram. Kansas: Fort
Leavenworth.
Website
Perserikatan Bangsa-bangsa, “Security
Council Resolution 1325â€, https://www.
peacewomen.org/SCR-1325, diakses
pada 10 Mei 2020.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Proposed Policy for Journals That Offer Open Access. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Proposed Policy for Journals That Offer Delayed Open Access. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication, with the work [SPECIFY PERIOD OF TIME] after publication simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
